Correction, Retraction, and Withdrawal Policy

·         Corrections are published when minor errors do not affect the findings or interpretation of the article.

·         Retractions are issued in cases of major errors, ethical violations, or proven misconduct such as data fabrication or plagiarism.

·         Authors may request withdrawal of their manuscript before acceptance. Once accepted, withdrawal is generally not permitted unless justified by strong ethical or legal reasons.

·         All such decisions will be made in accordance with COPE guidelines.